Abstract
Eddy currents are utilized for non-destructive testing of conductive materials. The depth of penetration is a very important parameter as it defines the propagation of the electromagnetic wave as well as of the electromagnetic energy in conductive materials. Limitations of the nondestructive testing using eddy currents are therefore given by the parameter. The paper highlights the signification of the depth of penetration in eddy current non-destructive testing using numerical simulations. A tubular specimen with a defect of a variable depth is inspected using a bobbin type probe and the crack signals are calculated for the purpose. The finite element method is used for the numerical study.
Highlights
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is utilized to examine structural components because of localization and characterization of material properties’ degradation that might cause malfunction of a component with economical and ecological impacts
The primary, exciting, electromagnetic field produced by the exciting coil is attenuated by a secondary, reaction, magnetic field generated by eddy currents
It is possible to write an equation for the x component of current density Jx in the similar way. It means that electromagnetic wave or induced eddy currents are attenuated in the highly conductive material by eϪ␣z and the phase lag is changed by eϪjz (Fig. 1)
Summary
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is utilized to examine structural components because of localization and characterization of material properties’ degradation (i.e. crack) that might cause malfunction of a component (e.g. reactors to fail, trains to derail, pipelines to burst, etc.) with economical and ecological impacts. NDT methods are used for localization of a crack, and for characterization of its size, shape, and orientation [1]. The number of NDT methods continuously grows as there are increasing demands for the inspection of structural components in different applications. Six major NDT methods are mostly utilized, namely penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing, electromagnetic or eddy current testing (ECT), radiography, and ultrasonic testing. This paper concentrates on the eddy current non-destructive testing. Different frequencies of an excitation current are considered to highlight the signification of the depth of penetration in eddy current non-destructive testing
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