Abstract
This report examines the heat and mass transfer in three-dimensional second grade non-Newtonian fluid in the presence of a variable magnetic field. Heat transfer is presented with the involvement of thermal relaxation time and variable thermal conductivity. The generalized theory for mass flux with variable mass diffusion coefficient is considered in the transport of species. The conservation laws are modeled in simplified form via boundary layer theory which results as a system of coupled non-linear partial differential equations. Group similarity analysis is engaged for the conversion of derived conservation laws in the form of highly non-linear ordinary differential equations. The solution is obtained vial optimal homotopy procedure (OHP). The convergence of the scheme is shown through error analysis. The obtained solution is displayed through graphs and tables for different influential parameters.
Highlights
Modelling of the fluid flow problems results in the form of a set of coupled non-linear differential equations
The improvement in motion of fluid particles was captured via large values of second grade fluid and stretching ratio numbers while a decrement in flow behavior was conducted via enlargement in magnetic number; The mechanism of heat energy became maximum using higher values of second grade fluid number but an opposite trend was captured via large values of time relaxation, Prandtl and very small numbers; The solute became fast considering large values of second grade fluid, time relaxation and very small numbers
The reduction in solute became slow against variation in Schmidt number; An incline in rate of solute and gradient temperature was addressed against higher values of time relaxation numbers; The surface force was enhanced near the wall of the hot surface via large values of second grade liquid and flow stretching parameters
Summary
Fluid flows over stretched surfaces have applications in several fields and has significant involvement in the practical usage of several items. Scientists and engineers have made efforts to explore their features and usage in different processes. The mathematical relations of non-Newtonian materials are different as compared with Newtonian material. These materials are divided into different categories according to their properties
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