Abstract

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and remains a considerable public health burden worldwide. Genetic variations in genes encoding cytokines and their receptors influence the intensity of the Helicobacter pylori associated inflammatory response, which may contribute to individual differences in the outcome and severity of the disease. Interleukin4 is a typical pleiotropic T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine and is a critical mediator of Th1/Th2 balance. It is involved in the regulation of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis in human organs, including gastric cancer.ObjectiveThe present retrospective case control study was undertaken to evaluate the association of IL4 intron 3 VNTR polymorphism with the susceptibility to GC in a south Indian population from Telangana state.Materials and MethodsA total of 182 patients with diagnosed GC and 326 randomly selected healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes and genotyping was determined by PCR-based assay. Association between genotypes and gastric cancer was examined by unconditional logistic regression analysis.ResultThe variant 3R/2R and 2R/2R genotypes of IL4 exon3 VNTR polymorphism had about 1.9 fold and 3fold increased GC risk, respectively, when compared with 3R/3R genotype [3R/2R vs. 3R/3R: adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23–2.95 P = 0.004 and 2R/2R vs. 3R/3R: AOR (95%CI) = 2.96 (1.29–6.82), P = 0.011]. Furthermore, a significant increased risk of GC was found for the 2R allele carriers (3R/2R + 2R/2R) compared with the 3R/3R genotype (AOR (95%CI) = 2.04 (1.35–3.10), P = <0.000). The IL4 2R allele frequency was 0.28 among the GC group and 0.18 among the controls, and the difference was statistically significant (P = <0.000).ConclusionThe present study revealed an association of 2R allele and 2R carrier genotypes in the etiopathogenesis of GC in south Indian population.

Highlights

  • Despite declining incidences and mortality rates observed worldwide, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer (952,000 cases, 6.8% of the total) and ranks third as the cause of cancer related mortality (723,000 deaths, 8.8% of the total), [1]

  • The present study revealed an association of 2R allele and 2R carrier genotypes in the etiopathogenesis of GC in south Indian population

  • We examined whether the potential association of this polymorphism with gastric cancer risk differs with regard to demographic features

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Summary

Introduction

Despite declining incidences and mortality rates observed worldwide, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer (952,000 cases, 6.8% of the total) and ranks third as the cause of cancer related mortality (723,000 deaths, 8.8% of the total), [1]. Annual incidence rate of gastric cancer in India is 10.6 per 100 000 population. Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and remains a considerable public health burden worldwide. Interleukin is a typical pleiotropic T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine and is a critical mediator of Th1/Th2 balance. It is involved in the regulation of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis in human organs, including gastric cancer

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