Abstract
Previous epidemiological research suggests polymorphisms in long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 are associated with an increased risk of cancer, but the results are inconsistent. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to more accurately determine the association between lncRNA H19 polymorphisms and cancer risk. The PubMed, Embase, and Science Citation Index online databases were searched and 11 relevant studies involving a total of 33,209 participants were identified. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CIs) from these studies were used to detect associations between H19 polymorphisms and cancer risk using five genetic models. The pooled result suggested that the rs2839698 G>A polymorphism was associated with digestive cancer risk in all five models. Moreover, a protective effect against cancer development was observed for the T allele variant of the rs2107425 C>T polymorphism, especially in Caucasian patient populations. No significant associations were found between lncRNA H19 rs217727 G>A polymorphism and cancer risk. In summary, the rs2839698 G>A and rs2107425 C>T polymorphisms in lncRNA H19 may therefore play opposing roles during cancer development, and their effects may vary depending on cancer type and patient ethnicity.
Highlights
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and has major economic impacts in both developed and developing countries [1, 2]
Subgroup analyses by cancer type indicated that rs2839698 G>A was associated with an increase indigestive cancer risk (A vs. G: Odds ratios (ORs) = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.10–1.36, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%; GA vs. GG: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.02–1.35, P = 0.03, I2 = 0%; AA vs. GG: OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.22–2.05, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%; GA+AA vs. GG: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08–1.41, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%; AA vs. GG+GA: OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.15–1.90, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%) (Table 2)
Large numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci have been identified in many long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and an increasing number of studies have focused on the association between lncRNA polymorphisms and cancer risk
Summary
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and has major economic impacts in both developed and developing countries [1, 2]. An aging population, and increased environmental pollution may all contribute to increasing incidences of cancer in China and other countries [4]. Other risk factors, such as unhealthy dietary practices and lifestyles, chronic inflammation, and viral infections, contribute to the development of cancer [5,6,7,8,9]. Molecular studies have shown that lncRNAs play important roles in cell cycle regulation and affect proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [11]. LncRNAs are important regulators of tissue pathology and disease processes related to cancer [12]
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