Abstract
Background : Infertility is both a clinical and a public problem. Standard semen analysis is the surrogate measure of male fertility in clinical practiceto determine prevalence of low sperm count including oligozoospermia and azoospermia and to assess the pattern and distribution of abnormal semen parameters in infertile men. Methods : The retrospective study was conducted with compiling of the data from archival record over a period of three years from June 2013 to June 2016. A total of 933 male partners of women attending the fertility clinic of hospital between the ages of 20 and 50 years were recruited. The samples taken were primary infertility cases using simple random sampling 4 technique. Semen analysis was performed according to the standards outlined by the World Health Organization (5thedition 2010). Parameters outlined included: Appearance, Volume,pH, Sperm concentration, Motility, Morphology, Viability and White cell count Result : Out of 933 samples; normozoospermia was observed in 659(70.6%) males, oligozoospermia 170(18.2%), and azoospermia 104(11.1%). The azoospermic and oligozoospermic samples had low ejaculated volume, but significantly higher percentage of pus cells in comparison to normozoospermic samples. The oligozoospermic samples had higher percentage of immotile sperms and abnormal morphology in comparison to normozoospermic samples. Asthenozoospermia was observed in 118(14.2%), teratozoospermia in 24(2.9%), and oligoteratozoospermia in 11(1.3%) of samples. Conclusion : Majority of cases of infertility in males show normal sperm count. Oligozoospermia followed by azoospermia is seen in rest of the cases while less sperm motility or less amount of semen are also responsible in some cases. DOI:10.21276/APALM.1502
Highlights
Infertility is a comprehensive issue affecting approximately 13-15% of the population all over the world.[1]
Oligozoospermia followed by azoospermia is seen in rest of the cases while less sperm motility or less amount of semen are responsible in some cases
[4] Semen analysis allows for a better understanding of the structural and dynamical parameters involved in sperm function
Summary
Infertility is a comprehensive issue affecting approximately 13-15% of the population all over the world.[1]. [7] In our population where infertility is considered to be a social stigma and the female is often held responsible for the inability to conceive, screening by semen analysis to rule out the male factor is imperative before subjecting the couple to extensive investigations. In this study we determine the frequency of low sperm count in Indian population and semen parameters include sperm motility and morphological details to identify abnormalities in semen. Infertility is both a clinical and a public problem. Standard semen analysis is the surrogate measure of male fertility in clinical practice to determine prevalence of low sperm count including oligozoospermia and azoospermia and to assess the pattern and distribution of abnormal semen parameters in infertile men
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