Abstract
Objective We examined serum anti-p53 antibodies (S-p53Ab) in colorectal cancer. Specifically, we retrospectively investigated the use of S-p53Ab as a prognostic marker after surgery for colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods The levels of S-p53Ab, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were measured in 160 colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment. The rate of postoperative change (RPC) in the S-p53Ab titer was calculated as [subsequent antibody titer-lowest titer]/lowest titer. Results A relationship between recurrence and RPC in the S-p53Ab titer was not observed in patients who tested negative for S-p53Ab preoperatively. In addition, no patients, who tested negative for S-p53Ab preoperatively, tested positive for S-p53Ab at the follow-up after surgery. Of the patients who tested positive for S-p53Ab preoperatively, those recurrences had a significantly higher RPC compared with those who did not (p < 0.001). Conclusions Although S-p53Ab is not a significant tumor marker in patients who test negative preoperatively, increases in the S-p53Ab titer should be continuously monitored and measured in patients who are positive for this antibody preoperatively, regardless of whether they later test negative.
Highlights
Tumor markers are widely used in screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of various cancers
While conventional tumor markers are produced by cancer cells, anti-p53 antibodies are autoantibodies against proteins originating from cancer cells and have recently garnered attention [1, 2]
The accumulation of p53 gene proteins in the nuclei of malignant cells induces the production of serum anti-p53 antibodies (S-p53Ab) [3, 4]
Summary
Tumor markers are widely used in screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of various cancers. The study on dysfunction of the oncogene in digestive organ cancer is conducted widely, and the thing that the mutation of p53 variation is common is reported. The accumulation of p53 gene proteins in the nuclei of malignant cells induces the production of serum anti-p53 antibodies (S-p53Ab) [3, 4]. Previous studies reported that S-p53Ab is a useful diagnostic marker for early cancer because microvolumes of mutant p53 protein are detectable [1,2,3,4], but there are only a few reports on S-p53Ab as a predictor of long-term outcomes after surgery [5]. The meaning of the postoperative change in the S-p53Ab titer is unknown
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