Abstract
Background: This study is cross-sectional, observational and comparative study, at Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh from July 2017 to July 2019 with sample size 100 placentae.
 Method: The placenta received was evaluated blinded of maternal pregnancy outcome. The pattern of morphology was evaluated both qualitatively (type of lesion) and quantitatively (number of lesions).
 Result: In Present study 79% of the deliveries were term deliveries and 21% were preterm deliveries. On placental macroscopy, placenta weight was significantly low among the neonates of preterm deliveries (370.00±60.49) as compared to term deliveries (440.89±55.22). Preterm placenta had higher number of abnormal placental lesion compared to term pregnancies.
 Conclusion: The uteroplacental insufficiency defined as placental infarct, fibrosis of chorionic villi, thickening of blood vessels, and poor vascularity of chorionic villi. Placental histopathological lesions are strongly associated with maternal under perfusion and uteroplacental insufficiency. These are the reasons for preterm birth. Thus, knowledge of the etiological factor can be use to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortility.
 Keywords: Placenta, Term & Preterm.
Highlights
The placenta has been described as a “diary of intrauterine life” with the potential to reflect many aspects of fetal development
Placenta weight was significantly low among the neonates of preterm deliveries (370.00±60.49) as compared to term deliveries (440.89±55.22)
The uteroplacental insufficiency defined as placental infarct, fibrosis of chorionic villi, thickening of blood vessels, and poor vascularity of chorionic villi
Summary
The placenta has been described as a “diary of intrauterine life” with the potential to reflect many aspects of fetal development. A pertinent question which has been always raised is whether the placental lesions hold any key to adverse fetal outcome observed in small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses[1]. The presence of uteroplacental insufficiency and abnormal blood supply, especially in preterm fetal growth restriction (FGR) placentas have been indicated by many authors.[2]. Method: The placenta received was evaluated blinded of maternal pregnancy outcome. Placenta weight was significantly low among the neonates of preterm deliveries (370.00±60.49) as compared to term deliveries (440.89±55.22). Preterm placenta had higher number of abnormal placental lesion compared to term pregnancies. Placental histopathological lesions are strongly associated with maternal under perfusion and uteroplacental insufficiency. These are the reasons for preterm birth.
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