[Significance of natural language processing and chat-based generative language models].

Abstract

Natural language processing (NLP) has experienced significant growth in recent years and shows potential for broad impacts in scientific research and clinical practice. This study comprises an exploration of the role of NLP in scientific research and its subsequent effects on traditional publication practices, as well as an evaluation of the opportunities and challenges offered by large language models (LLM) and areflection on necessary paradigm shifts in research culture. Current LLMs, such as ChatGPT, and their potential applications were compared and assessed. An analysis of the literature and case studies on the integration of LLMs into scientific and clinical practice was conducted. LLMs provide enhanced access to and processing capabilities of text-based information and represent avast potential for (medical) research as well as daily clinical practice. Chat-based LLMs enable efficient completion of often time-consuming tasks, but due to their tendency for hallucinations, have asignificant limitation. Current developments require critical examination and aparadigm shift to fully exploit the benefits of LLMs and minimize potential risks.