Significance of Mid-Pregnancy Down Syndrome Risk Screening in Predicting Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the value of mid-pregnancy Down syndrome risk screening in predicting adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: 536 mothers who underwent mid-pregnancy screening for Down syndrome at Chengyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare and Family Planning Service Center from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected for retrospective analysis. The risk was calculated using the Asian population database in the American prenatal screening software PRISCA 4.0, combined with the age, gestational week, and body mass of the day of the pregnant women's blood collection. Results: The screening results showed that there were 469, 54, and 13 cases in the low-risk, critical-risk, and high-risk groups, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences in the age and body mass of each group (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the adverse fetal outcomes in low-risk, critical-risk, and high-risk groups (P < 0.05); and the screening results showed that there was a significant difference between the adverse maternal outcomes in the low-risk, critical-risk, and high-risk groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the high risk of Down syndrome detected through screening and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Besides, the false positive and negative rates of Down syndrome screening results are positively correlated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.