Abstract
Introduction: Cervical cancer is the leading cancer in Indian women. Mast cell distribution and density support a diagnosis in addition to routine histopathological examination. Aim: To study the variation of mast cell distribution and density in different uterine cervical lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 352 cases of cervical lesions were studied cross-sectionally from June 2018 to May 2020, in the Department of Pathology, Subharti Medical College, and associated Chhatrapati Shivaji Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. These included both hysterectomy (296 cases) and cervical (56 cases) biopsies. Routine histopathological examination was done with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain (H&E) to categorise the lesions into non-neoplastic and Neoplastic lesions. For identification of mast cells 1% toluidine blue stain was applied to evaluate mast cell distribution and density. Data analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA): one-way t-test was applied. A p-value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant. R-Software was used for analysis of data. Results: Out of 352 cases, 302 (85.7%) were non-Neoplastic and 14% 48 (13.6%) were neoplastic. Two cases were of unremarkable pathology. Chronic cervicitis was observed as the most common lesion 293 (97%) out of 302 cases. Age of the patients ranged from 21-78 years. Most of the patients were in the reproductive age group: 21-49 years of age 274 (77.8%) cases. Mean mast cell count decreased from premalignant cases to malignant cases. In case of cervical intraepithelial lesion, mean mast cell count was found to be 26.5/10 High Per Field (HPF) and in cases of malignancy mean mast cell count of 17.5/10 HPF was observed. Mean mast cell count showed an inverse relationship with the grade of dysplasia and from dysplasia to cases of malignancy. Conclusion: Mast cell distribution and density support a diagnosis in addition to the routine histopathology, especially in cases of small cervical biopsies which are difficult to interpret.
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