Abstract
Salicylic acid is part of a signal transduction pathway that induces resistance to viruses, bacteria and fungi. In tobacco and Arabidopsis the defensive signal transduction pathway branches downstream of salicylic acid. One branch induces PR-1 proteins and resistance to bacteria and fungi, while the other triggers induction of resistance to RNA and DNA viruses. This virus-specific branch can be activated using antimycin A and cyanide, or inhibited with salicylhydroxamic acid, suggesting a role for alternative oxidase in resistance to viruses. The virus-specific defensive pathway activates multiple resistance mechanisms. In tobacco, salicylic acid induces resistance to systemic movement of cucumber mosaic virus but has no effect on its replication or cell-to-cell movement. However, in the case of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco, salicylic acid appears to induce interference with the synthesis of viral RNA.
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