Abstract
The speed of acoustic signals traveling from a large number of explosive sources in the Northeast Pacific and North Atlantic oceans has been measured and compared with the predictions of ray theory. Signal speed is defined here as the horizontal source-to-receiver range divided by the time from source detonation to the earliest detection of the signal at the receiver. The ray-tracing predictions show that signal speed may vary by as much as 1% or more; changes of 15 m/s may occur within a 1.8-km range interval. The nature of the signal-speed-versus-range curve depends on the sound-velocity profile and the source and receiver depths. The measurements show that the predicted features, in particular the regular fluctuation of signal speed, are readily observed.
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