SIGNAL PROPAGATION

Abstract

<p style="text-align: justify;">One of the participants that affects the loss of signal quality is propagation. In addition to it, we also have connection attenuation, latency, topology and network design. The quality of the digital signal transmitted from the transmitting to the receiving radio-relay device depends on the influence of environmental effects on the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Signal propagation is defined as path loss when the transmitter and receiver are directly facing each other, and in the event that there are no obstacles present in free space, there is still some signal attenuation. This is decisive for designing communication systems so that they can work despite the problems they may encounter. As the application of local wireless networks grows, so does the need for quality assessment of signal propagation in buildings. The Fresnel zone represents the air space between two transmitters through which radio waves propagate. It has an unlimited number of such zones, but the first three zones are important for signal quality and strength. Most often, only the first zone is counted because it occupies the largest volume and the quality and strength of the signal mostly depends on it. Within these environments, it is extremely important to take into account the types of obstacles and the type of room in which the signal is propagated. As part of this work, there is an overview of the most important propagation models and a review of them.</p>