Abstract
The microstructure evaluation of materials using ultrasonic backscattered echoes has significant practical implications. Ultrasonic backscattered grain echoes are random signals which bear information related to the attenuation caused by scattering and absorption. The variation of attenuation as a function of position and frequency represents changes in the scattering cross-section and absorption effects of grains. We present a statistical model of backscattered signals which is used for developing signal processing techniques in both time and frequency domain. The attenuation in the backscattered signal is evaluated by performing temporal and spatial averaging. The spectral shift in the backscattered signal is characterized using moment analysis. Furthermore, frequency-dependent attenuation is estimated by applying cepstral processing. Experimental results using steel samples of different grain sizes are in close agreement with theoretical predictions.
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