Abstract
Laser weld monitoring is usually based on the feedback from three photodiodes which are intended to provide independent information about the thermal condition of the melt (the T signal), the radiation from the plume of a heated gas above the melt (the P signal) and the amount of reflected laser light (the R signal). This work demonstrates that, in fact, the plume of the hot gas above the weld pool contributes a large part of the thermal signal, which has hitherto been assumed to come only from the melt itself. It is suggested that the correlation between the T and P signals is so strong that a T–P signal would be more useful than the raw T signal in identifying the fluctuations in infrared radiation from the melt pool.
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