Abstract
A signal multi-amplified electrochemical biosensor was fabricated for tau-441 protein, a dementia biomarker. It utilizes a carbon nanocomposite film modified gold electrode. The carbon nanocomposite film was composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and chitosan (CS). For the nanocomposite film, rGO improved the dispersibility of MWCNTs, and the effective surface area of MWCNTs was increased. On the other hand, MWCNTs also increased the interlayer spacing of rGO, resulting in a thinner rGO layer. MWCNTs-rGO had a better conductivity than that of MWCNTs and rGO due tothe synergy effect. Biocompatible CS was employed for immobilization of the specific antibody. Tau-441 protein was modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for signal amplification again. The response of the electrochemical biosensor is linear in the range0.5-80fM (0.5, 1.5, 5, 10, 40, 80fM) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.46 fM, using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in a potential range of - 100-500mV. The biosensor was successfully applied to the analysis ofserum samples of 14 normal people, 14 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 14 dementia patients. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of signal multi-amplified electrochemical biosensor for determination of tau-441 protein in human serum.
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