Abstract
The effects of functional interplay of calcium ions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in the cells of wheat plantlets roots (Triticum aestivum L.) at the induction of their heat resistance by a short-term influence of hyperthermia (heating at the temperature of 42 degrees C during 1 minute) have been investigated. The transitional increase of NO and H2O2 content, invoked by heating, was suppressed by the treatment of plantlets with the antagonists of calcium EGTA (chelator of exocellular calcium), lanthanum chloride (blocker of calcium channels of various types) and neomycin (inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-dependent phospholipase C). The rise of hydrogen peroxide content, caused by hardening, was partially suppressed by the action of inhibitors of nitrate reductase (sodium wolframate) and NO-synthase (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester--L-NAME), and the increasing of nitric oxide content was suppressed by the treatment of plants with the antioxidant ionol and with the scavenger of hydrogen peroxide (dimethylthiourea). These compounds and antagonists of calcium also partially removed the effect of the rise of plantlets' heat resistance, invoked by hardening heating. The conclusion on calcium's role in the activation of enzymatic systems, generating reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, and on the functional interplay of these signal mediators at the induction of heat resistance of plantlets by hardening heating is made.
Highlights
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) serve as the mediators that are in close functional interplay at the transduction of various stress signals to the genetic apparatus of plant cell [1,2,3]
It is shown that the calcium ions, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide serve as the mediators in the stress-induced closing of stomas
There is a reason to suppose that the hydrogen peroxide plays the role of an inducer, causing the accumulation of NO, which is directly involved in the regulation of the state of stomas [6]
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) serve as the mediators that are in close functional interplay at the transduction of various stress signals to the genetic apparatus of plant cell [1,2,3]. The treatment of Arabidopsis leaves with 10 mM calcium chloride invoked the increase of content of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in cells and the closing of stomas.
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