Abstract
COVID-19 is pandemic. Neuraminidase ịs central to both infection from the virus and is involved in the cell's endothelial cell rolling, as an example. Inhibition of glycosidases are known to include anhydro ald(ket)itols. An L-1,5-anhydro fucitol substituted by a derivatized (diħydrido) sulfo hydrate has been synthesized from bovine thyroglobulin N-linked oligosaccharide dipeptide. Also, 2,5-anhydro 1,6 di-(hydrido) di-phospho diħydrate mannitol (glucitol) has been prepared. Both include a treatment with NaBH4 in NH<sub>4</sub>OH. Here evidence is presented on 2,6-anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol under similar reaction conditions using Kappa casein and bovine submaxilary mucin (bsm). It is hoped to use these reaction conditions and apply it to bovine milk. It may be possible to synthesize 2,6-anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol in two steps from bovine milk. Then treatment costs can be afforded by those who are financially compromised. Conditions used are 8 hours at ambient temperature in a capped or un-capped reaction vial. These glycoproteins were treated with PNGase-F which could contain peptidase activity that acts in appreciable quantities in the large excesses of PNGase-F used here. Then the effluent from an NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> form cation exchange cartridge to which it was bound, after H<sub>2</sub>O wash, were eluted with NH<sub>4</sub>OH and partially evaporated to remove excess base. The reaction products were stored frozen prior to analysis by a single quadrupole mass spectrometer, AQA, or a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, API 2000. Fetuin was treated in the same manner but was used only as a standard and not included as sc a starting material. Hope is in the transfer of these protocols to the preparation pf 2,6-anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol. It may act as a two-pronged attack on COVID-19 infection. Previous work suggests that the purification of 2,6-anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol is not trivial.
Highlights
There are more than 11,400,796 cases of coronavirus in tthe US and more than 249,000 deaths in the US alone
[4] An inhibitor of these phenomena would be highly desirable. In this work such a potential inhibitor may be prepared. It is the 2,6- Nacetamido neuraminitol prepared from bovine milk via novel chemistry that has been used to prepare [1,5] anhydro L-fucitol derivative and [2,5] anhydro [1,6] di- di-phospho dihydrate mannitolfrom bcmanana extract. [5, 6] Anhydro sugars have been shown to inhibit an α mannosidase
[7] Preparation of anhydro sugars have been shown to be present in the depolymerization of heparin
Summary
The [2,6] anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol could inhibit both mechanisms of coronavirus infection of the host. Evidence is presented to support the preparation of 2,6anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol in one step, with purification, by the H- nucleophilic substitution of bovine milk ethanol extract, phospho oligosaccharide di-phospho asparaginyl sulfo tyrosine dipeptide. There is supportive evidence for the formation of [2,6] anhydro N-acetamido neuraminitol from sialylated sulfo oligosaccharide di-phospho serinyl sulfo tyrosine dipeptides.
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