Abstract
A numerical model is developed to study Shrinkage induced convection and free surface evolution caused by the density difference between the solid and liquid phases during the solidification of pure aluminium. For the analysis, a 2–D rectangular cavity field with aluminium melt undergoing solidification process is considered. Conservation of mass, momentum, and energy are formulated based on volume averaging technique and are solved using the SIMPLER algorithm. The free surface evolution is captured using the Volume of fluid (VOF) method. The proposed model focuses on predicting macro–scale shrinkage induced surface defects during the solidification process.
Highlights
Phase change process is extensively confronted in many practical applications such as manufacturing processes involving metal casting and welding, latent heat thermal storage, thermal sprays, etc
Incremental efforts are made to study the effects of shrinkage because of complications involving multiphase pressurevelocity coupling and the free surface evolution during solidification process [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]
The source term corresponding to natural convection was neglected during the bottom cooling analysis
Summary
Phase change process is extensively confronted in many practical applications such as manufacturing processes involving metal casting and welding, latent heat thermal storage, thermal sprays, etc. The source term corresponding to natural convection was neglected during the bottom cooling analysis. The present study focuses on finding the validity of enthalpy updating scheme in the existing framework, where shrinkage induced convection and free surface evolution can be captured by the model without applying any superficial numerical treatment.
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