Abstract
Providing copies of an instructor's lecture notes before lectures is enthusiastically approved of by university students in introductory biology classes. Surprisingly, students who use the notes tend to perform less well onexams than students who avoid using the notes. However, there is no evidence that using the notes is harmful to learning; rather, those students who choose not to use the notes enter the course with better preparation or knowledge than the class as a whole. Pre-circulated notes may improve the clarity of lectures and encourage advance preparation by students — a learning discipline possibly as valuable as organising and reviewing one's own notes.
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