Abstract
Should lifestyle modifications be promoted to prevent breast cancer?
Highlights
Animal studies of changing dietary composition without reducing calories have been inconclusive [6]
An overview of 14 studies of energy restriction in mice compared with ad libitum feeding revealed a reduced incidence of spontaneous breast cancer in the animals by a mean of 55% (95% confidence interval = 0.69 to 0.41) [11]
In the Nurses Health Study (NHS), women who lost 10 kg or more after the menopause reduced their risk for breast cancer by 56% (95% confidence interval = 0.21 to 0.86, p = 0.01) [4]
Summary
Animal studies of changing dietary composition (for example, a change in fat content) without reducing calories have been inconclusive [6]. There is evidence from observational studies that weight gain, between the ages of 20 and 50 years, is associated with increased risk for breast cancer; a 20 kg increase in weight is associated with a doubling of risk compared with women whose weight remains stable [4].
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