Abstract
The plasma proteome of healthy dairy cattle and those with footrot was investigated using a shotgun LC-MS/MS approach. In total, 648 proteins were identified in healthy plasma samples, of which 234 were non-redundant proteins and 123 were high-confidence proteins; 712 proteins were identified from footrot plasma samples, of which 272 were non-redundant proteins and 138 were high-confidence proteins. The high-confidence proteins showed significant differences between healthy and footrot plasma samples in molecular weight, isoelectric points and the Gene Ontology categories. 22 proteins were found that may differentiate between the two sets of plasma proteins, of which 16 potential differential expression (PDE) proteins from footrot plasma involved in immunoglobulins, innate immune recognition molecules, acute phase proteins, regulatory proteins, and cell adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins; 6 PDE proteins from healthy plasma involved in regulatory proteins, cytoskeletal proteins and coagulation factors. Of these PDE proteins, haptoglobin, SERPINA10 protein, afamin precursor, haptoglobin precursor, apolipoprotein D, predicted peptidoglycan recognition protein L (PGRP-L) and keratan sulfate proteoglycan (KS-PG) were suggested to be potential footrot-associated factors. The PDE proteins PGRP-L and KS-PG were highlighted as potential biomarkers of footrot in cattle. The resulting protein lists and potential differentially expressed proteins may provide valuable information to increase understanding of plasma protein profiles in cattle and to assist studies of footrot-associated factors.
Highlights
Footrot is an acute and highly infectious disease of cattle that develops between the claws of the hoof and is caused by the Gramnegative anaerobic bacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum, which is present in the rumen and feces of normal cattle and their environment [1,2,3]
The plasma proteins of healthy dairy cattle and those with footrot were separated by SDS-PAGE, respectively, and each separated gel was cut into four pieces that were equal in size (Fig. 1)
Given the presence of protein homologs, one or more peptides obtained by shotgun mass spectrometry (MS)/MS methods may be assigned to multiple proteins
Summary
Footrot is an acute and highly infectious disease of cattle that develops between the claws of the hoof and is caused by the Gramnegative anaerobic bacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum, which is present in the rumen and feces of normal cattle and their environment [1,2,3]. The disease is characterized by the presence of an interdigital lesion, swelling, moderate to severe lameness, and a separation of horny portions of the hoof from the sensitive tissues underneath. It has a serious impact on the production performance of diseased cattle, especially in dairy cattle. The serum acute-phase protein haptoglobin has been reported to be a marker of inflammation in dairy cattle suffering from diseases of the hoof [12]. The plasma protein profiles of cattle with footrot are not fully understood, and there are still a great many unknown potential disease-associated proteins
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