Abstract
Understanding the chemomechanical behavior of shotcrete (sprayed concrete) is a prerequisite for better design or failure risk assessment of civil engineering structures. Macroscopic material laws for shotcrete are preferably based on hydration degree–dependent material functions. For a given shotcrete mixture—that is, for a fixed water-cement ratio (w∕c) and aggregate-cement ratio (a∕c) —these functions are determined directly from macroscopic experiments. In a purely macroscopic context, considering changes in the w∕c ratio (as often encountered in large tunnel projects), or in the a∕c ratio would require additional experiments. As an alternative, such hydration degree–dependent material functions can be predicted by considering quantitative information at the microlevel of the cementitious material, in the framework of continuum micromechanics. In this contribution, we focus on the dependence of the elastic stiffness on the hydration degree. We employ a two-step homogenization procedure: within a repre...
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