Abstract
BackgroundCo-infection of HIV with HBV is common in West Africa but little information is available on the effects of HBV on short-term therapy for HIV patients. A 28 day longitudinal study was conducted to examine short-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes in HIV infected individuals with HBV co-infection.MethodsPlasma from 18 HIV infected individuals co-infected with HBV and matched controls with only HIV infection were obtained at initiation, and 7 and 28 days after ART. HIV-1 viral load changes were monitored. Clinical and demographic data were also obtained from patient folders, and HIV-1 drug resistance mutation and subtype analysis performed.ResultsThe presence of HBV co-infection did not significantly affect HIV-1 viral load changes within 7 or 28 days. The CD4+ counts on the other hand of patients significantly affected the magnitude of HIV-1 viral load decline after 7 days (ρ = −0.441, p = 0.040), while the pre-ART HIV-1 VL (ρ = 0.844, p = <0.001) and sex (U = 19.0, p = 0.020) also determined HIV-1 viral load outcomes after 28 days of ART. Even though the geometric sensitivity score of HIV-1 strains were influenced by the HIV-1 subtypes (U = 56.00; p = 0.036), it was not a confounder for ART outcomes.ConclusionsThere may be the need to consider the confounder effects of sex, pre-ART CD4+, and pre-ART HIV-1 viral load in the discourse on HIV and HBV co-infection.
Highlights
Co-infection of HIV with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is common in West Africa but little information is available on the effects of HBV on short-term therapy for HIV patients
In West Africa, there is a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [1], and this is reflected in similar high numbers of individuals with HIV coinfected with HBV in the sub-region [2,3,4,5,6,7]
Since in vitro studies have shown that HBV protein X acts as a trans-activator for HIV infections [16, 17], there is the need to understand the effects of the interaction between HIV and HBV on short and long term antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes, bearing in mind demographical, epidemiological, clinical and viral factors
Summary
Co-infection of HIV with HBV is common in West Africa but little information is available on the effects of HBV on short-term therapy for HIV patients. A 28 day longitudinal study was conducted to examine short-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes in HIV infected individuals with HBV co-infection. Sagoe et al Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob (2016) 15:38 varying periods of ART [5, 14] These seeming discrepancies in outcomes from the various studies may be attributed to different clinical factors. Since in vitro studies have shown that HBV protein X acts as a trans-activator for HIV infections [16, 17], there is the need to understand the effects of the interaction between HIV and HBV on short and long term ART outcomes, bearing in mind demographical, epidemiological, clinical and viral factors. The objective of this study was to use the same study population to determine the possible effects of co-infection with HBV on short-term ART outcomes in HIV infected patients
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