Abstract
Abstract. We conducted measurements of the five important short-lived organic bromine species in the marine boundary layer (MBL). Measurements were made in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes (Sylt Island, North Sea) in June 2009 and in the tropical Western Pacific during the TransBrom ship campaign in October 2009. For the one-week time series on Sylt Island, mean mixing ratios of CHBr3, CH2Br2, CHBr2Cl and CH2BrCl were 2.0, 1.1, 0.2, 0.1 ppt, respectively. We found maxima of 5.8 and 1.6 ppt for the two main components CHBr3 and CH2Br2. Along the cruise track in the Western Pacific (between 41° N and 13° S) we measured mean mixing ratios of 0.9, 0.9, 0.2, 0.1 and 0.1 ppt for CHBr3, CH2Br2, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl and CH2BrCl. Air samples with coastal influence showed considerably higher mixing ratios than the samples with open ocean origin. Correlation analyses of the two data sets yielded strong linear relationships between the mixing ratios of four of the five species (except for CH2BrCl). Using a combined data set from the two campaigns and a comparison with the results from two former studies, rough estimates of the molar emission ratios between the correlated substances were: 9/1/0.35/0.35 for CHBr3/CH2Br2/CHBrCl2/CHBr2Cl. Additional measurements were made in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) above Teresina (Brazil, 5° S) in June 2008, using balloon-borne cryogenic whole air sampling technique. Near the level of zero clear-sky net radiative heating (LZRH) at 14.8 km about 2.25 ppt organic bromine was bound to the five short-lived species, making up 13% of total organic bromine (17.82 ppt). CH2Br2 (1.45 ppt) and CHBr3 (0.56 ppt) accounted for 90% of the budget of short-lived compounds in that region. Near the tropopause (at 17.5 km) organic bromine from these substances was reduced to 1.35 ppt, with 1.07 and 0.12 ppt attributed to CH2Br2 and CHBr3, respectively.
Highlights
Reactive halogens, especially chlorine and bromine compounds, contribute to the decomposition of stratospheric ozone
Cruise track of research ship “Sonne” during “TransBrom” tTioTnLoafntdheingtloobthaletrsatrnastpoosprthoefrereiascativdeifhfiacluolgteFTinsihsgseu.treh1e..rdoCduSorgeuthvsisemterhaatelrrakctkheomlfloorecceaaasstteiuioaornrencmohofefsntthhhtieepc2a2“3m3Sapoaianirrinsgseana”mmidpnpulilOrniingncgstgosfb“fooeTrrrrtaht2hne0es0IBAI9Ar.UoUmTFF”hraremannrkeekfadufsurudtrrtodetdamstaaetmsaneatstr.eckta.mthpeaign in Octob studies emphasise the importance of certain regions, in particular the Western Pacific region, on the transport of VSLS from the source areas to the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) (Gettelman et al, 2002; Fueglistaler et al, 2004; Aschmann et al, 2009)
These observations underline the necessity and importance of VSLS measurements in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and in the TTL of these specific regions to improve the quantitative understanding of the troposphere-to-stratosphere transport of bromine from VSLS
Summary
Especially chlorine and bromine compounds, contribute to the decomposition of stratospheric ozone. Cruise track of research ship “Sonne” during “TransBrom” tTioTnLoafntdheingtloobthaletrsatrnastpoosprthoefrereiascativdeifhfiacluolgteFTinsihsgseu.treh1e..rdoCduSorgeuthvsisemterhaatelrrakctkheomlfloorecceaaasstteiuioaornrencmohofefsntthhhtieepc2a2“3m3Sapoaianirrinsgseana”mmidpnpulilOrniingncgstgosfb“fooeTrrrrtaht2hne0es0IBAI9Ar.UoUmTFF”hraremannrkeekfadufsurudtrrtodetdamstaaetmsaneatstr.eckta.mthpeaign in Octob studies emphasise the importance of certain regions, in particular the Western Pacific region, on the transport of VSLS from the source areas to the TTL (Gettelman et al, 2002; Fueglistaler et al, 2004; Aschmann et al, 2009). These observations underline the necessity and importance of VSLS measurements in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and in the TTL of these specific regions to improve the quantitative understanding of the troposphere-to-stratosphere transport of bromine from VSLS.
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