Abstract
This work combines compressive sensing and short word-length techniques to achieve localization and target tracking in wireless sensor networks with energy-efficient communication between the network anchors and the fusion center. Gradient descent localization is performed using time-of-arrival (TOA) data which are indicative of the distance between anchors and the target thereby achieving range-based localization. The short word-length techniques considered are delta modulation and sigma-delta modulation. The energy efficiency is due to the reduction of the data volume transmitted from anchors to the fusion center by employing any of the two delta modulation variants with compressive sensing techniques. Delta modulation allows the transmission of one bit per TOA sample. The communication energy efficiency is increased by RⱮ, R ≥ 1, where R is the sample reduction ratio of compressive sensing, and Ɱ is the number of bits originally present in a TOA-sample word. It is found that the localization system involving sigma-delta modulation has a superior performance to that using delta-modulation or pure compressive sampling alone, in terms of both energy efficiency and localization error in the presence of TOA measurement noise and transmission noise, owing to the noise shaping property of sigma-delta modulation.
Highlights
delta modulation (DM) systems produce a bit stream that corresponds to their sampled inputs using oversampling to he context of digital
DM systems produce a bit stream that corresponds to their sampled inputs using oversampling to overd exactly [3]
Introducing compressive sensing (CS) to the system by randomly acquiring TOA values at the anchors and gradually increasing the maximum random sampling interval, we find that the succeeding DM system will exhibit slope overload because the input samples change abruptly in magnitude between successive randomly spaced samples
Summary
TheThe vastvast advances mademade in wireless technology and electronics have enabled emer-the advances in wireless technology and electronics have the enabled gence of wireless networks (WSN). Which havewhich received much attention recently and reemergence wireless sensor networks have received attention. The vast advances made of insensor wireless technology and electronics have enabled the much. Received: 30 Augustemergence are cently expected toare become commonplace due to received playing due amuch major role in various applications and expected to become commonplace to playing a major role in various of wireless sensor networks which have attention re August 2021 Accepted: 9 October 2021. Accepted: 9 October 2021 such as industrial monitoring, health care environmental sensing, target trackapplications such as industrial monitoring, health carerole monitoring, environmental senscently2021 and are expected to become commonplace due to monitoring, playing a major in various
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