Short-term overstimulation affects peripheral but not central excitability in an animal model of cochlear implantation

Abstract

Objective: Upper current limits (C-levels) are sometimes extremely increased over time since this procedure can enhance speech perception. It should be clarified if a larger amount of electrical stimulation is tolerated by the remaining peripheral and central auditory pathway. Materials and Methods: An animal electrode array was inserted in mechanically deafened guinea pigs. C-levels were adjusted to a mean of approximately 10 CL (‘LOS' group), 40 CL (‘MOS' group) or 60 CL (‘HOS’ group) above the electrode specific electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) threshold. The stimulation was performed via a sound processor in standardized auditory environment. Implanted and not stimulated animals served as controls. Results: A significant eCAP threshold shift was observed in the ‘HOS’-group aftereight hours of stimulation at basal electrodes. Electrically evoked auditory brainstem thresholds were stable over time in all stimulation groups. The ratio between eCAP- and eABR threshold shifts was significantly enhanced in the ‘HOS’- group. Conclusion: Even short-time overstimulation reduces the excitability of peripheral but not central auditory structures. The changed relationship between the excitability of spiral ganglion neurons and inferior colliculus neurons seems to indicate an overstimulation. The results are of utmost importance for a safe CI-processor fitting especially in children or non-compliant patients