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Abstract
BackgroundImpaired quality of life (QOL) is common in coronary heart disease and is the major indications for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations. This study aims to compare the QOL of patients with coronary heart disease before and after CABG surgery.ResultsA translated Arabic version of the Mac-New health-related QOL questionnaire was used to evaluate QOL improvement in 446 patients who benefited from elective CABG at Nasser Institute for Research and Treatment. There was a statistically significant improvement in physical, emotional, social, and global domains of QOL, as evaluated 3 and 6 months after surgery. Follow-up was 90.4% complete. At 3 months, multiple linear regression has shown that male patients (β = 0.48, p ≤ 0.001) and rural residence (β = 0.39, p ≤ 0.001) were significant independent predictors of improvement in physical QOL domain. While hypercholesterolemia (β = −0.20, −0.49, −0.37, −0.46, p ≤ 0.001), hypertension (β = −0.29, −0.39, p ≤ 0.001, β = −0.35, −β = 0.35, p = 0.001), and smoking (β = −0.79, p ≤ 0.001, β = −0.33, p = 0.04, β = −0.69, p ≤ 0.001, β = −0.47, p = 0.005) were significant predictors of worsening in physical, emotional, social, and global domains, respectively. At 6 months, low preoperative ejection fraction (EF) ≤ 40% was the strongest predictor of improvement (β = 0.54, 0.49, 0.44, and 0.52, p ≤ 0.001) in physical, emotional, social, and global domains of QOL, respectively. But, peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (β = −0.53, p = 0.05, β = −0.81, p = 0.005, β = −0.62, p = 0.03, β = −0.76, p = 0.008) and smoking (β = −0.53, p = 0.001, β = −0.42, p = 0.01, β = −0.42, p = 0.01, β = −0.41, p = 0.02) were significant predictors of worsening in physical, emotional, social, and global domains of QOL, respectively.ConclusionsCABG surgery improved in all domains of QOL. Further studies are required to evaluate changes in QOL at longer period intervals.
Highlights
Impaired quality of life (QOL) is common in coronary heart disease and is the major indications for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations
Legibility criteria Eligible patients were all adult aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with ischemic heart disease (IHD) who underwent isolated elective CABG in patients
Multiple linear regression after 3 months of CABG surgery shows that male sex (p ≤ 0.001) and rural residence (p ≤ 0.001) are significant independent predictors of physical QOL improvement
Summary
Impaired quality of life (QOL) is common in coronary heart disease and is the major indications for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations. This study aims to compare the QOL of patients with coronary heart disease before and after CABG surgery. Coronary heart disease (CHD) has many adverse effects on different aspects of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health [1]. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the treatment of choice for patients with atherosclerotic CHD. QOL is a multidimensional concept that includes an individual’s physical, psychological, and social status; it is a sense of well-being which is due to satisfaction or dissatisfaction with different aspects of life which are important for an individual. Assessing the QOL is one of the debatable topics of recent decades in clinical research [4]
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