Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biostimulation (BS) effect of the gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser by histopathology with an experimental osteoarthritis (OA) model in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) of rabbits, in the early period. GaAlAs diode laser is used for pain reduction in TMJ disorders. Twenty-four adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three equal groups: Control Group (CG), Study Group 1 (SG-1), and Study Group 2 (SG-2). Mono-iodoacetate (MIA) was administered to the right TMJs of all rabbits. The rabbits did not undergo any treatment for four weeks to allow the development of osteoarthritis. In SG-1, laser BS was applied to the rabbits at 940 nm, 5 W, and 15 J/cm2 in continuous wave mode at 48-hour intervals for 14 sessions; and in SG-2, laser BS was applied with the same parameters at 24-hour intervals for 28 sessions. Laser BS was not applied to the rabbits in CG. All rabbits were sacrificed simultaneously. The TMJ cartilage, osteochondral junction, chondrocyte appearance, and subchondral ossification were evaluated histopathologically. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of cartilage, osteochondral junction, chondrocyte appearance, and subchondral ossification values (p > 0.05). The laser BS protocol used in the study had no positive histopathological effects on TMJ OA in the early period.
Highlights
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease that is characterized by cartilage destruction, osteophyte formation, and subchondral sclerosis, and occurs in a progressive manner specific to synovial, diarthrodial, and load-bearing joints
It is known to be based on inflammation and subchondral bone remodeling, the pathogenesis of Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) OA is not clear.[4]
All the other animals completed the study without complications, and the final distribution of the rabbits in the groups was as follows: Control Group (CG) (n = 8), Study Group 1 (SG-1) (n = 7), and Study Group 2 (SG-2) (n = 6)
Summary
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease that is characterized by cartilage destruction, osteophyte formation, and subchondral sclerosis, and occurs in a progressive manner specific to synovial, diarthrodial, and load-bearing joints. The disease manifests as slow and progressive, and can be monoarticular or polyarticular.[1,2] Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) OA is a disease characterized by severe cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, synovitis, and chronic pain.[3,4,5] it is known to be based on inflammation and subchondral bone remodeling, the pathogenesis of TMJ OA is not clear.[4] This issue is controversial due to the long-term disease course, in general. It is thought to develop due to an increased load on the joints[6] of which continuation causes deterioration in the articular surface and subarticular structures.[7]
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