Short Stem versus Standard Stem Hip Arthroplasty

Abstract

Background Minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty (MIS THA) has recently increased in popularity. Concurrently, newly developed short femoral components are being used. These short components may make insertion during MIS approaches easier and preserve more bone than traditional femoral stems, while providing a more anatomic stress distribution in the proximal femur. Aim and objectives To perform an evaluation and meta-analysis of all available trials and studies demonstrating the different clinical outcomes following cementless THR using short stem and standard stem in young patients. Subjects and Methods Published observational analytical studies (Case-control, case reference, cohort studies or systematic reviews) On the outcomes of short stem and standard stem total hip replacement. Trials which involve English papers from the year 2000 till 2020. Result We found 220 records, of them 90 unique records identified (duplicate, non English records and records before 2000 were removed) by the database searches, 65 records were excluded (not describing outcomes or inaccessible artilcles), leaving 25 studies that met all inclusion criteria. Conclusion Despite favorable medium-term revision rates suggested by observational studies, there remains a need for long-term RCTs, registry data, biomechanical analyses, and bone density measurement to affirm the benefits of short-stem hip arthroplasty.