Abstract
Growth of short fatigue cracks on the surface of smooth specimen was observed in low-cycle fatigue tests of medium-carbon steels, copper and Al-alloy. When growth rate of surface cracks was correlated to J integral range, the data for cracks longer than a few times grain-size and without coalescence growth coincided with the relation obtained for large through-thickness cracks. The other data shifted toward higher rate region than the relation. According to fractographic observation, the deviation in shorter cracks appeared to be ascribed to a change in crack growth mode. On the basis of the observation of crack growth, especially, the prediction of crack propagation life was discussed by introducing an energy density parameter related to J integral range. The prediction was further modified in consideration of crack coalescence, and then it gave a good estimate for each material. The effect of grain-size on fatigue life in medium-carbon steel was also discussed from the viewpoint of crack growth behavior.
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