Abstract
Obesity is a health problem of global concern that negatively impacts quality of life. Various studies have implicated obesity in the disruption of the normal microbiome composition. The virome consists of a collection of all the viruses that inhabit a particular niche. However, the study of such viruses that compose the human gut microbiome in the context of obesity has been paid little attention. One interesting aspect of virome study is the description of phages that can specifically interact with the bacterial component of the microbiota and modulate the microbiome’s dynamics. Previous work showed that the microbiota composition changes after obesity treatment and that these changes are country specific. In this work, we perform a quick gut viral composition of the gut microbiota of patients from Denmark, Italy, and Chile before and after obesity intervention using metagenomic sequences previously published and bioinformatics tools. Our results showed that obesity treatment results in significant changes in the human gut viral composition. These results conclude that the virome composition changes after obesity intervention by suggesting that changes can be related to the microbiota rearrangements reported in other works and may be involved in microbial dynamics after treatment.
Highlights
At least 2.8 million people die each year because of obesity, which makes it akin to being considered an epidemic [1]
A total of 49 raw sequences obtained using Illumina HiSeq shotgun metagenomics were analyzed, including the 21 pre-treated and 28 post-obesity-treated subjects, including 2 medical treatments based on exercise and diet (MT), 17 Roux-en-Y gastric bypasses (GBs), 2 sleeve gastrectomies (SGs), and 7 verticals banded gastroplasties (VBGs)
To investigate the effects of obesity treatments on the virome of individuals with obesity, a total of 49 raw data samples of shotgun metagenomic sequencing obtained from the stools were used
Summary
At least 2.8 million people die each year because of obesity, which makes it akin to being considered an epidemic [1]. The main treatments prescribed against overweight or obesity are physical activity and diet modification. Bariatric surgery is majorly successful in patients with severe obesity by generating successful weight loss [3]. Common bariatric surgery procedures include a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB), there is no clear difference in terms of the effectiveness of these procedures [4]. Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) was a bariatric procedure used to treat obesity. It has been mainly replaced by RYGB intervention [5]
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