Short Communication: Eicosatrienoic Acid and Docosatrienoic Acid Do Not Promote Vaccenic Acid Accumulation in Mixed Ruminal Cultures

Abstract

Previous research found that docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) was a component of fish oil that promotes trans-C18:1 accumulation in ruminal cultures when incubated with linoleic acid. The objective of this study was to determine if eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n-3) and docosatrienoic acid (C22:3n-3), n-3 fatty acids in fish oil, promote accumulation of trans-C18:1, vaccenic acid (VA) in particular, using cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms. Treatments consisted of control, control plus 5mg of C20:3n-3 (ETA), control plus 5mg of C22:3n-3 (DTA), control plus 15mg of linoleic acid (LA), control plus 5mg of C20:3n-3 and 15mg of linoleic acid (ETALA), and control plus 5mg of C22:3n-3 and 15mg of linoleic acid (DTALA). Treatments were incubated in triplicate in 125-mL flasks, and 5mL of culture contents was taken at 0 and 24h for fatty acid analysis by gas–liquid chromatography. After 24h of incubation, the concentrations of trans-C18:1 (0.87, 0.88, and 0.99mg/culture), and VA (0.52, 0.56, and 0.62mg/culture) were similar for the control, ETA, and DTA cultures, respectively. The concentrations of trans-C18:1 (5.51, 5.41, and 5.36mg/culture), and VA (4.78, 4.62, and 4.59mg/culture) were also similar between LA, ETALA, and DTALA cultures, respectively. These data suggest that C20:3n-3 and C22:3n-3 are not the active components in fish oil that promote VA accumulation when incubated with linoleic acid.