Abstract
The effect of cotton leaf curl disease found at Burewala (Pakistan) on the ginning out turn (GOT) and the physical and chemical characteristics of cotton fibre was evaluated by comparing healthy and cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD)- infected plants of four cotton varieties. A highly susceptible response to CLCuD was found in all varieties tested. The disease incidence ranged from 42.6 to 81.4%. Significant differences were observed between the fibre of healthy and diseased cotton plants, of all varieties, for GOT, fibre length, fibre uniformity index, short fibre index, fibre fineness, fibre bundle strength, reflectance degree (Rd-value), yellowness (+b value) and maturity ratio. The cv. CIM-473 exhibited the highest reduction in all the quality parameters studied with the exception of Rd-value which was the lowest in cv. NIAB-999. The disease also significantly affected cellulose, protein, wax and pectin content. CLCuD adversely deteriorated the cotton fibre characteristics, however the varietal difference exists. The varieties with less deteriorated fibre by CLCuD should be an essential criterion for the selection of resistant germplasm against CLCuD.
Highlights
The disease cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) was found in all cotton varieties tested with a similar infection type range but with variable incidences of infected plants and disease index (DI) values (Table 1)
Plants infected with CLCuD showed downward cupping of younger leaves, followed by either an upward or downward curling of leaf margins, swelling and darkening of veins and vein enation frequently developed into cup shaped leaf like structures in all four varieties
Cultivar Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB)-999 showed the maximum decrease in protein content as 1.59%; it was followed by CIM-506 (1.25%), NIAB-111 (1.10%) and CIM-473 (0.81%)
Summary
This study was undertaken to determine the impact of the disease on fibre quality of cotton varieties. Symptoms of CLCuD were recorded using the rating system of Akhtar et al (2008) to calculate the percentage disease index (DI) and the reaction of the different cotton varieties. The disease CLCuD was found in all cotton varieties tested with a similar infection type range but with variable incidences of infected plants and DI values (Table 1).
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