Abstract
The study aimed to determine the levels to which the Yemeni population is vulnerable to the short and long terms adverse effect of climatic change. A qualitative assessment of vulnerability has been conducted through focus group discussion targeting the leadership and decision makers in the ministry of public health and population to know the extent of their knowledge about the level of the impact of climate change on the health of Yemeni population, in addition to the development of two baseline socioeconomic scenarios that have been linked to climate change scenarios projections. The results showed that both Yemen population growth and climate change are inevitably occurring and these two factors are the main determinants of vulnerability. Other factors that will determine future health vulnerability include; the current public health status, the age - sex structure of the population, socioeconomic development status and the political and security stability of government.Climate change synergized with the current massive war and low socioeconomic standards with deepening poverty and hunger would threat the progress and efforts of reducing the burden of climate-sensitive disease mainly vectorborne, waterborne and chronic non- communicable disease with the re-emerging of health-related diseases and injuries leading to deterioration of most health indicators. Population’s health vulnerability to climate change and impact of climate change on population’s health will be so severe in 2050 and 2100 under scenario A than Scenario B indicating the needs for sound and cost-effective adaptive strategies for the public health care sector. Keywords: Climate Change, Vulnerability, Adaptation, Health, disease DOI: 10.7176/JEES/10-11-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2020
Highlights
Yemen is one of the least developed countries in the World and considered to be the driest and the poorest country in the Middle East
General Information About Climatic Changes Analysis of FGD reports with the decision makers of the ministry of public health and population (MoPHP), found that one third of the health sector decision makers have a very good knowledge about climate change while less than one tenth has an excellent knowledge
Population Group and Geographical Areas Most Vulnerable to Climate Change Eight out of ten of decision makers strongly belief that climate change will pose certain risk on different population groups mainly children followed by the believe of seven out of ten of the decision makers that elderly will be mostly affected, pregnant women and displaced and refugees, while four out of ten and two out of ten of decision makers respectively believed that women and men are the least to be affected by climate changes
Summary
Yemen is one of the least developed countries in the World and considered to be the driest and the poorest country in the Middle East. It is ranked 160 out of 188 countries in 2014 on HDI. Poverty in Yemen is endemic and has been increased from 42% in 2009, to 54.5% in 2012 to more than 85 % in July 2016 (WB, 2016). Yemen’s population, scattered over 130,000 localities, is expected to increase from 27.534 million in July 2016 to 47.17 million in 2050 and to 51million in 2100 (World Population Review, Yemen, 2016). More than 45% of the population suffers from high illiteracy (UNESCO, 2012) with only 8.6 percent of adult women have reached at least a secondary level of education compared to 26.7 percent of their male counterparts (UNDP, HDR Yemen, 2015)
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