Abstract
The in vitro leaves of Valeriana jatamansi Jones were used as explants to induce adventitious shoots and somatic embryos from embryogenic callus. Both morphogenic processes could be induced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. Embryogenic callus, which was induced exclusively in the presence of auxins, namely 1.0–7.5μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 5.0μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), differentiated into adventitious shoots and somatic embryos, respectively when left on the same medium. Callus, when placed on MS medium containing 5.0μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 5.0μM NAA or 1.0–5.0μM 2,4-D, induced adventitious roots. Cytokinins that were added singly to callus induction medium, including 6-benzyladenine, kinetin and thidiazuron, could not induce callus at 5.0μM except when combined with 0.25–1.0μM NAA.
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