Shoaling and Migration of Fish and Their Relationships with Environment

Abstract

AbstractFish, cephalopod, shrimp, and other marine economic species generally have the habits of shoaling and migration in the ocean, which is the result of their adaptation to the changes of living and non-living environment in the long-term living process. Generally, in the process of fish and other marine economic species gathering and migration, the fishing ground is often formed in the ocean. Therefore, it is very important to understand and master the law of fish shoaling and migration and the relationships between fish behavior and marine environment. In the research of fisheries forecasting, people are interested in the following questions: when, where, and in what areas the fish appear and aggregate, how long the fish shoaling time is and how large the fish stock is, what is the marine environmental condition of a fish shoaling, what is the movement route behind the fish shoaling, and so on. Therefore, it is one of the important contents of fisheries forecasting for us to study the aim of fish shoaling and migration and master the law and mechanism of fish shoaling and migration. In this chapter, we will briefly introduce the concept of fish shoaling and type of fish shoaling and the behavior mechanism of fish shoaling. We also summarize the concept and type of fish migration, the mechanism and biological significance of fish migration, and methods of studying fish migration. Finally, the general rule of the marine environment on the distribution of fish and the relationship between fish behaviors and water temperature, current, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and other environmental factors were analyzed. Among them, we focus on the relationship between fish behavior and water temperature and fish behavior and ocean current. The above basic theory and knowledge about fish shoaling and fish migration will provide a theoretical basis for the scientific research of fisheries forecasting.KeywordsShoalingMigration of fishMarine environmentTagging