Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of ship-loading condition on slamming during water entry. Three typical sections of the S-175 container ship, namely the bow, parallel middle body and stern, under three different loading conditions are studied. Full-sized models are established and simulated by commercial software LS-DYNA based on the explicit finite element method (FEM) using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) algorithm. At first, validation is carried out by simulating the Wave Induced Loads on Ships Joint Industry Project II (WILS JIP-II) ship section entering the water and by verifying that the response is in good agreement with published experimental data. Then, nine different cases with three typical sections of the container ship and three different loadings, including the no-load (lightship weight), half-load and full-load weights of the ship, are investigated. Finally, the influence of the ship loading and sectional shape on the water impacts is analyzed and discussed. The present study is useful for the analysis of loading effects on ship slamming at the early stage of ship design.
Highlights
Slamming consists of a powerful water impact between ship hulls and waves
Zhao et al [6] developed two different theoretical methods for predicting slamming loads on two-dimensional sections, which were validated by comparison with experimental results from drop tests of ship cross sections
Zhu et al [15] studied the fully nonlinear free-surface deformations of initially calm water caused by the water entry and water exit of a horizontal circular cylinder, with both forced and free vertical motions using CIP method
Summary
Slamming consists of a powerful water impact between ship hulls and waves. The hydrodynamic force caused by slamming may lead to springing of the ship [1]. Wang et al [8] experimentally and numerically investigated the water entry of a freefall wedge with a focus on the evolution of the pressure on the impact sides and the top side. Ramos et al [20] conducted experiments for ship motions and sea loads on a segmented model of the S-175 container ship in ballast conditions and compared the vertical motions and bending moments between the measurements and the theoretical results. Based on the explicit finite element software LS-DYNA, He et al [22] simulated the water impact of three section models, and the water-entry velocity and the slamming pressures on the bottom were analyzed. To analyze and reveal the loading influence on water slamming, systematic studies on the three S-175 container ship section models under different loading conditions were carried out. By calculating parameters such as speed and pressure during the water-entry process, the loading influence on water slamming was analyzed systematically
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