Abstract
Due to the constraint of minimum antenna area, 2-D ambiguity resolving is a challenging task in ship focusing of single-channel SAR mounted on high-speed maneuvering platforms. In order to accommodate the issues, a ship focusing and positioning algorithm based on 2-D ambiguity resolving is proposed. First, we analyze the constraint of minimum antenna area and the distribution of the 2-D ambiguity area. An optimal-PRF SAR concept is proposed, where the signal ambiguity is evenly distributed to the range and azimuth directions. In this concept, the timing sequence of the orthogonal phase-coded waveform is designed to make the target echoes in different regions orthogonal. Then, an orthogonal matching filter is used to suppress the signal energy in range ambiguity regions. Aiming at the target defocus and position shift caused by the Doppler ambiguity, we propose an azimuth ambiguity resolving method. The Doppler ambiguity number can be estimated by residual envelope inclination. Subsequently, the target can be relocated and accurately focused by the estimated Doppler parameters. After the operation of each target is completed, the focusing SAR image of the whole scene can be obtained. Finally, simulation results and real data processing are presented to validate the proposed algorithm.
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