Abstract
Structural health monitoring techniques for ship and offshore structures are summarized in this article. Owing to the increasing accidents associated with bulk carriers and large oil tankers, international regulating committees have recommended the use of hull stress monitoring systems for bulk carriers of 20 000 dwt and above to reduce the risks of structural failure since 1994. In this article, typical hull stress monitoring systems (HMS) and common sensors with monitored parameters are discussed. Long-based strain gauge (LBSG), accelerometers, and other types of sensors, such as motion sensors and pressure sensors, that are employed in HMS are introduced. Particular requirements for HMS are summarized for each classification societies such as LR (Lloyed Register), ABS (American Bureau of Shipping), DNV (Det Norske Veritas), and IACS (International Association of Classification Societies). Moreover, emerging new technologies applicable for ship and offshore structures are also introduced. The basic principles and the application of fiber-optic sensors (FOS), acoustic emission sensors (AE), and crack detection sensors (CD) are reviewed in the later part of this chapter. Finally, new requirements and trends in terms of structural health monitoring in marine industries are introduced. In particular, the importance of structural health monitoring technology that is applicable in cryogenic environment is presented. Keywords: ships; offshore structures; structural health monitoring; fiber optic sensors; long-based strain gauges; fatigue strength; hull stress monitoring system
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