Abstract
The epidemiology of childhood haemolytic uraemic syndrome in New Zealand was on active surveillance from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2020. The aim of this study is to describe the demographic, epidemiological and some clinical features of childhood Shiga toxin producing <em>E. coli</em> infections (STEC) and its association with diarrhoea associated haemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) over past 23 years.
Highlights
Diarrhoea associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome (D+Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)) secondary to gastrointestinal infection is the most common cause of haemolytic uraemic syndromeCitation: Wong W (2021) Shiga Toxin Producing Escherichia coli Infections and Associated Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome in New Zealand Children: Twenty Three Years of Epidemiology and Clinical Observations
It is the result of ingestion food or water that has been contaminated with Shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)
Two hundred and twenty-six children aged 3 months to 15 years were reported to the New Zealand Paediatric Surveillance Unit (NZPSU) with the diagnosis of diarrhoea associated haemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) during the study period
Summary
Diarrhoea associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome (D+HUS) secondary to gastrointestinal infection is the most common cause of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. It is the result of ingestion food or water that has been contaminated with Shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) consists of microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury. Thrombotic microangiopathy underlies this disorder, and is a consequence of toxin mediated vascular endothelial injury in kidney, brain and other organs, leading to platelet aggregation and consumption, red cell fragmentation causing micro-thrombi which result in ischaemic injury to vulnerable organs. The aim of this study is to describe the demographic, epidemiological and some clinical features of childhood Shiga toxin producing E. coli infections (STEC) and its association with diarrhoea associated haemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) over past 23 years
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