Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an effective tool for the extraction of natural antioxidants. Thus, differentially roasted Arabica-coffee beans known as light (LC), medium (MC), and dark coffee (DC) were prepared and extracted under the influence of UAE. Following that, they were examined specifically on theirs physicochemical and biological characteristics: nutritional values, pH, °Brix, antioxidant activities, polyphenol content, caffeine, and chlorogenic-acid levels. Various parameters, such as extraction temperatures (20, 40, and 80°C) and extraction time periods (5, 10, and 20 min), were examined. DC extract was less acidic than those on MC and LC extracts. LC showed higher moisture content than the MC and DC (1.56, 1.3, and 0.92%, respectively). MC displayed the highest polyphenol content and potent antioxidant activity. Caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents trend to decrease during roasting. The maximum caffeine level was found in MC at 80°C for 5 min (27.65 mg/g extract). The highest chlorogenic acid content was in LC at 80°C for 10 min (16.67 mg/g extract). The caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents were related to the polyphenol content and depended on the roasting and extraction conditions. These results suggest that the UAE at various temperature and extraction time period may alter the physicochemical and biological characteristics of different coffee roasts.
Highlights
A drink or beverage is deemed as a specific liquid or concoction intended for human consumption
The nutritional composition of coffee roast extracts was evaluated by determining their moisture, fiber, ash, fat, protein, nitrogenfree extract (NFE), and energy content (Table 1)
The dark coffee (DC) extract was less acidic than the Medium coffee (MC) and Light coffee (LC) extracts
Summary
A drink or beverage is deemed as a specific liquid or concoction intended for human consumption. They are generally divided into two main categories which are known as alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages. Apart from satisfying the thirst, drinks are known to play critical roles in human culture such as Cha-no-yu, the very famous Japanese tea ceremony [1] and the uniquely. Ethiopian coffee ceremony known as “Buna” [2]. Among various types of beverages commonly being consumed, coffee is deemed as one of the most popular drinks in the world. The worldwide consumption of coffee in 2020 had reached approximately 10 million tons [3]. With the growing health consciousness among the world population, there is more consideration than ever on the health and wellness benefits of nourishment or drink that would bring to humans
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