Shift work of nursing professionals and blood pressure, burnout and common mental disorders

Jaqueline Oliveira Valdeviño Nascimento,Juliana Nery Souza-Talarico,Karina Cardoso Meira,Juliano Dos Santos,Angela Maria Geraldo Pierin

doi:10.1590/s1980-220x2018002103443

Jaqueline Oliveira Valdeviño Nascimento, Juliana Nery Souza-Talarico + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2018002103443

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Abstract

To analyze the influence of shift work on blood pressure, the presence of burnout and common mental disorders in nursing professionals. A cross-sectional study. Burnout was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Common Mental Disorders by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. Casual blood pressure measurement and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) were performed. 231 professionals participated. The majority (59.7%) worked in shifts, and this condition was associated (p≤0.05) with: higher weekly workload; doing the night shift; shorter training and work time at the institution; alcoholism; leisure activity; and alteration in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring of the sleep period. The professionals with common mental disorders and who worked in shifts had lower casual diastolic pressure levels (p = 0.039) and higher hypertension prevalence (p = 0.045). The presence of emotional exhaustion was associated with normal waking blood pressure and depersonalization with altered sleep blood pressure. Shift work was associated with a higher prevalence of work-related negative factors, inadequate habits and lifestyles, and change in sleep blood pressure.

Highlights

Shift workers are exposed to risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases such as hypertension, overweight/ obesity, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome, as well as cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke and coronary artery disease[1].Shift work is defined as work that is performed intermittently and at different times, without a fixed schedule[2], it is related to the stress characteristic of this condition and the resulting physiological responses, such as activation of the neuroendocrine reaction of stress by the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid secretion, and of the autonomic reaction with the release of catecholamines
It can be concluded that analyzing the blood pressure pattern of nurses working in shifts through Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) is of great value for knowledge construction about the subject, as it will help in shaping future research and guide intervention strategies related to the health of these workers
The present study showed statistically significant differences in variables related to work, life habits and altered blood pressure during the sleep period among professionals working in alternating shifts in relation to those who did not work shifts

Summary

Introduction

Shift workers are exposed to risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases such as hypertension, overweight/ obesity, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome, as well as cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke and coronary artery disease[1].Shift work is defined as work that is performed intermittently and at different times, without a fixed schedule[2], it is related to the stress characteristic of this condition and the resulting physiological responses, such as activation of the neuroendocrine reaction of stress by the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid secretion, and of the autonomic reaction with the release of catecholamines. High blood pressure is considered the single most important risk factor for the global burden of diseases in the world, accounting for more than nine million deaths in 2010(4), and the association between arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease, being the main cause of morbidity and mortality, has been widely demonstrated[5]. In this context, a study with doctors and nurses working in shifts showed a significant increase in blood pressure during the work period and an increase in cardiovascular risk[6]. It can be concluded that analyzing the blood pressure pattern of nurses working in shifts through ABPM is of great value for knowledge construction about the subject, as it will help in shaping future research and guide intervention strategies related to the health of these workers

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