Shift of the scale of potentials, changes of the surface potential on the solution/air interface, change of the potential on the solution/mercury interface and of the liquid junctions potentials for water-isopropanol mixtures

Abstract

We have measured the potentials of zero charge of mercury in water-iso-propanol mixtures and the changes of real free energy of solvation of hydrogen ion in these mixtures. With the help of extrapolation of functions obtained from above measurements from the potential of the reference electrode we have determined the shift of the standard potentials scale ( s Δ w μ θ H + ), differences of the surface potentials ( s Δ w χ), difference of the liquid junctions potentials ( s Δ w φ L ) and values of the potentials effects ( s Δ w g dip) produced by the exchange of the solvent's molecules on the surface of mercury at potential of zero charge for system water-iso-propanol. We have also proposed a new method for determining values s Δ w χ, s Δ w φ L , s Δ w g dip, basing on the assumption that one of the values s Δ w μ θ H + to be determined shows rapid changes at small additions of water while changes of the other values appear mainly at small contents of a nonaqueous component in a mixture.