Abstract
Abstract In a study of four levels of cutting (removal of none, one-third, two-thirds, or all of a fully stocked 55-year-old stand), removal of one-third of the basal area provided best conditions for the establishment of new seedlings of preferred species, especially black cherry. Height growth was limited, an indication that the remaining over-story should be removed in 5 to 10 years. Fern and grass cover increased after all levels of cutting on poorly drained soils, creating potential interference with the seedlings. These plants were not a problem on well-drained soils.
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