Abstract
Article Details: Received: 2020-10-14 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.53-57 Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship of oxidative product levels, using malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker on occurrence of mastitis and its causing pathogens in two dairy flocks of ewes situated in east and north of Slovakia. The diagnosis of mastitis was performed on the basis of clinical examination of the udder, macroscopic evaluation of milk, with the evaluation of Californian mastitis test (CMT) and bacteriological analysis of individual raw milk samples. From total 537 and 444 halves ewe’s milk samples were 16.6% and 23.2% positive to CMT, respectively. The prevalence of mastitis caused by bacterial pathogenes in the monitored herds was 14.3% to 19.1%, respectively. In all monitored sheep flocks were confirmed predominantly subclinical forms (SM) of intramammary infection (IMI). The highest of etiological agents in all monitored herds had coagulase negative staphylococci and coagulase positive staphylococci especially Staphylococcus aureus . Except for staphylococci were Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus spp. most frequently pathogens isolated from mastitic sheep. The highest MDA level was observed from clinical cases of mastitis however, increased MDA levels were detectable from subclinical cases. Bacterial isolates from mastitc halves milk samples are different in levels of MDA. In this study, we found that milk samples infected with S. aureus were higher compared to other pathogens. In conclusion, differences in both severities of IMI and mastitis pathogens were associated with differences of MDA in infected udders. Keywords: sheep, milking, mastitis, lipid peroxidation, S. aureus , coagulase negative staphylococci References Contreras, A. et al. (2007). Mastitis in small ruminants. Small Ruminant Research, 68(1-2), 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.09.011 Fthenakis, G. C. (1995). California mastitis test and White side test in diagnosis of subclinical mastitis of dairy ewes. Small Ruminant Research , 16(3), 271–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(95)00638-2 Hariharan, H. et al. (2004). Bacteriology and somatic cell counts in milk samples from ewes on a Scottish farm. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 68(3), 188–192. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1142138/ Malinowski, E. et al. (2008). Etiological agents of dairy cows’ mastitis in western part of Poland. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 9(3), 191-194. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17020014/ Mork, T. et al. (2007). Clinical mastitis in ewes; bacteriology, epidemiology and clinical features. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica , 49(1), 23. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1751-0147-49-23 Pyorala, S. and Taponen, S. (2009). Coagulase-negative staphylococci - Emerging mastitis pathogens. Veterinary Microbiology , 34(2), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.015 Sharma, N. (2011). Oxidative stress and antioxidant status during transition period in dairy cows. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science , 24(4), 479–484. https://www.ajas.info/upload/pdf/24-58.pdf Suriyasathaporn, W. (2006). Higher somatic cell counts resulted in higher malondialdehyde concentrations in raw cow´s milk. International Dairy Journal, 16(9), 1088–1091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2005.11.004 Turk, R. et al. (2017). The role of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of mastitis in dairy cows. Mljekarstvo, 67(2), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2017.0201
Highlights
One of the major factors that negatively affect the quality and production of milk is inflammation of mammary gland – mastitis
4 Conclusions We confirmed that the current pathogens mammary gland includes coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS), S. aureus, Str. sanguinis and E. coli, which were most often isolated from subclinical forms (SM) and CM
It was observed that CNS were the most common cause of SM in monitored dairy sheep herds
Summary
One of the major factors that negatively affect the quality and production of milk is inflammation of mammary gland – mastitis. Mastitis are nowadays both economic and health problems. Inflammation of the mammary gland causes a change in milk composition and its quality as well as leads to a reduction in milk production. It is most often of bacterial origin, where pathogenic species of microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia can be found. Mastitis has different causes and symptoms, varying degrees of intensity, different durations and different resultant effects (Mørket et al, 2007; Pyörälä and Taponen, 2009)
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