Abstract
The significance of airborne transmission in epidemics of infectious diseases in the livestock production industry remains unclear. Using infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) as a viral model, this study investigated the shedding route (feces vs. exhaled air) of virus by broilers and the emission of airborne virus from an experimental room with 526 broilers which were orally inoculated at age 20 days. The airborne virus was sampled by three different bioaerosol samplers: Andersen six-stage impactor, all-glass impinger (AGI-30) and OMNI-3000. The results showed infected broilers started to shed virus in feces on day 5 post inoculation (PI), and stopped shedding on day 12 PI. The fecal virus remained detectable for at least two days after drying under broiler room conditions. No virus was detected in air exhaled by broilers. The airborne virus was detected on days 5, 8 and 12 PI at 20 cm above the floor, and on days 8 and 12 PI in exhausted air. The emission rates of IBDV were 4.0 log10 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) bird-1 day-1 on day 8 PI, and 4.5 log10 TCID50 bird-1 day-1 on day 12 PI.
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