Abstract
This article presents a laboratory study on the maximum shear modulus of a THF hydrate bearing calcareous sand (CS)–fines mixture. The maximum shear modulus was inferred from the shear wave velocity measured from the bender elements installed in a temperature-controlled triaxial apparatus. The specimen preparation procedures were specially designed to mimic the hydrate formation inside the internal pores of CS. A trial test was conducted to validate whether the shear wave velocity is a feasible parameter to monitor the formation and dissociation of hydrate in the CS-fines mixture. Based on the bender element test results, hydrate has a more profound effect than confining pressure on enhancing the maximum shear modulus of CS-fines mixture.
Highlights
Gas hydrate, an ice-like crystalline material formed by gas and water molecules, is considered as one of the potential future energy sources [1,2]
This paper presents a laboratory study on the maximum shear modulus of a hydrate bearing calcareous sand fines mixture
The specimen preparation procedures are specially designed to mimic the hydrate formation inside the internal pores of calcareous sand (CS)
Summary
An ice-like crystalline material formed by gas and water molecules, is considered as one of the potential future energy sources [1,2]. Past studies on the mechanical behaviour of hydrate bearing soil have been mainly carried out in coarse–grained soils [3,4]. As some potential gas hydrate reservoirs have been found in fine–grained sediments, there is an increasing interest in studying the mechanical behaviour of hydrate bearing fine-grained soils [5,6]. As the morphology of hydrate bearing sediment influences significantly its mechanical behaviour, it is interesting to understand how the hydrate affects the mechanical properties of the mixture of fines and calcareous materials. This paper presents a laboratory study on the maximum shear modulus of a hydrate bearing calcareous sand fines mixture. A trial test is first presented to monitor the formation of hydrate inside the soil specimen in the triaxial apparatus using the shear wave velocity. The effects of hydrate on the shear wave velocity and maximum shear modulus of the soil mixture are discussed based on the morphology of hydrate bearing soil mixture
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