Abstract
BackgroundIncreased risk of enamel demineralization during and after orthodontic treatment raises the demand for better preventive measures including combinations of laser, CPP-ACP, and fluoride. The combination of Er,Cr:YSGG laser with CPP-ACP was proved to have a synergetic effect compared to each of them alone. Shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to the enamel surface after being treated with preventive measures is critical. The aim of this study was to compare the SBS and failure mode of metallic brackets bonded to teeth with no pretreatment and pretreated enamel surface, either with Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone or combined with CPP-ACP.MethodsSixty sound extracted human premolar teeth were allocated randomly to 3 groups: In Group 1 (control), teeth were etched and bonded directly; in Group 2, laser pretreatment of the enamel surface was done followed by etching and bonding as in the control group; in Group 3, the enamel surface was lased then CPP-ACP was applied according to the manufacturer instructions, etched and bonded. SBS and Adhesive remnant index (ARI) were evaluated.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the 3 groups neither in the SBS nor in the ARI scores.ConclusionsThe use of combined Er,Cr:YSGG laser with CPP-ACP as a preventive measure before bonding orthodontic brackets does not endanger the bracket’s bonding strength.
Highlights
Increased risk of enamel demineralization during and after orthodontic treatment raises the demand for better preventive measures including combinations of laser, Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and fluoride
The treatment of white spot lesions (WSLs) can be difficult after the removal of fixed appliances, and they rarely disappear
A lack of studies evaluating the Shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to the enamel surface after being treated by sub-ablative erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er),Cr:YSGG laser alone or when combined with CPP-ACP was observed
Summary
Increased risk of enamel demineralization during and after orthodontic treatment raises the demand for better preventive measures including combinations of laser, CPP-ACP, and fluoride. The combination of Er,Cr:YSGG laser with CPP-ACP was proved to have a synergetic effect compared to each of them alone. Shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to the enamel surface after being treated with preventive measures is critical. The aim of this study was to compare the SBS and failure mode of metallic brackets bonded to teeth with no pretreat‐ ment and pretreated enamel surface, either with Er,Cr:YSGG laser alone or combined with CPP-ACP. In patients with a high risk of developing WSLs during orthodontic therapy, additional preventive measures are required, [9] including treatment of enamel surface with different chemicals such as fluoride. Different types of laser irradiation could provide an effective strategy to reduce enamel demineralization, including CO2, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG), erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG), erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG), diode and argon lasers [19]
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