Shear Bond Strength of Experimental Light-Cured Orthodontic Adhesives

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of domestically made orthodontic adhesives to a commercial orthodontic adhesive, Transbond XT (3M Unitek, USA). Three formulas of an in-house orthodontic adhesive were divided according to monomer ratio (BisGMA:TEGDMA) into group 1 (8:2), 2 (7:3), and 3 (6:4), respectively, with 60-70 weight % of filler amount and 0.5 % of photoinitiator (TPO). Eighty upper human premolars (20 of each group) were bonded with stainless-steel brackets with these experimental and control adhesives. All were cured by LED light-cured unit for 20 seconds. After polymerization for 24 hours, a universal testing machine was used to apply an occlusal shear force to the enamel/bracket interface at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. The ARI scores were evaluated for each debonded tooth. Mean SBS values were analyzed statistically using the One-way ANOVA and the Tukey’s test for multiple comparison. Chi-square test was used to determine significant difference in the ARI scores. The results showed that there was statistical difference in the mean SBS of 4 groups (P<.001). The SBS value of group 1, 2, 3, and control was 18.79 MPa, 18.58 MPa, 23.30 MPa, and 28.02 MPa, respectively. Chi-square comparison for the ARI indicated that there was significant difference (P=.012) between the groups. In conclusion, the experimental adhesive of group 3 yields the higher SBS than in group 1 and group 2. Although these adhesives provide a lower shear bond strength than Transbond XT, they were acceptable for clinical use. Most failures of Transbond XT were found between adhesive-bracket interface, whereas the three in-house experimental adhesives were found mixed failure patterns of ARI.